Australian Cladding Company free essay sample

What are the prompt and hidden issues confronting ACC? Presentation For the situation study, Jim Hackett (Jim) began the Australia Cladding Company (ACC) as the Managing Director in the year 1998, where new light weight and ease house cladding item was made. From that point, ACC developed quickly and furthermore provided its items to different states and globally. The items from ACC have picked up ubiquity in significant structure ventures, home structures and augmentation work. ACC supplies and introduce the items to huge structure ventures in Western Australia which had increased positive rebound in the development business. Jim had picked the supervisory group from his mates from the structure business whom they are Ben Harper (Engineering and Design), Reg Grundy (Marketing and Sales), Arthur Seymour (Financial Controller), Ted Clark (Production Manager) and Jill Hackett (Jill) who is Jim’s spouse (Personnel †Wages and Salary or Personnel Admin). As the business is acceptable in ACC, they have quickly developed and utilized more staffs. Be that as it may, despite the fact that the deals are expanding, however the benefit winning is diminishing. Issues were recognized, where it is identified with the human asset the board (HRM) arranging, and an expert, Terry Wild (Terry), was utilized. In any case, these issues and arrangements identified with HRM will be additionally talked about in this paper. Kramar et al. (2011) states that, HRM identifies with â€Å"policies, practices and frameworks that impact employees’ conduct, perspectives and performance†. Along these lines, HRM in an association assumes a significant job in advocating what are the best exercises to be done in the association to guarantee consistent vital upper hand in the business. In each business, there will be issues and issues emerge because of the administration issues, worker issues and some more. For the situation study, side effects distinguished is a lot of identified with the workers in ACC. As representatives are significant assets to the association (Brundage amp; Koziel, 2010), which is likewise concurred and recognized by Meers (2007) that workers in the association are surely essential to the association, subsequently, this paper is to distinguish the prompt and hidden issues that ACC is looking with respect to HR issues. There are additionally constraints to this contextual analysis as it depends on predetermined number of articles and the information gathered is from optional assets. Moreover, constraints on the issues recognized in this paper are exclusively founded looking into it study given and it’s not distinguishing the issue where all organizations are looking in the current society. Prompt Problems (Symptoms) Identified in ACC For the situation study, there are a couple of quick issues distinguished in ACC whereby there is an expansion on working environment mishaps. This can be seen from the case, and Sandra, who is one of the machine administrators, had disclosed to Jim that the laborers are not cautious when they are working around the machine. Following on will be the high turnover rate on workers, whereby there are expanding quantities of talented staffs, key designers and an IT master who have left ACC. Next would be where the representatives are malcontented inside the workforce. This is because of the absence of expert improvement on the workers and they are despondent about it. Proceeding onward is that the female specialists felt awkward with the manner in which a few men addressed them, which could prompt inappropriate behavior cases on the off chance that it isn't tended to appropriately. There is additionally wastefulness issue among the representatives as the representatives on occasion will stay nearby sitting idle, while on occasion, they will be focused and working level out. Additionally, there is an expansion in labor expenses and scrap and wastage cost in ACC which in the end decline the benefit earned by ACC regardless of the business which is in the ascent. What's more, in conclusion, there is injustice in the organization where Jim was irritated by Terry’s proposal that his significant other, Jill, was not dealing with the faculty gives well, and has not put a lot of consideration regarding the report, which appeared not to support Jill. Basic Problems Faced by ACC In an association, issues emerge are an unavoidable issue whereby legitimate HRM on how the issues ought to be tended to is crucial. In ACC, there are a couple of issues recognized through the prompt issues which surfaced from the contextual investigation. From the contextual investigation, one of the fundamental issues distinguished is that the word related wellbeing and security (OHS) measures are not appropriately passed on to the workers, and preparing on OHS measures isn't led. All together for the representatives to put more consideration onto OHS, the association needs to grant the information and significance of OHS, and train the workers to invest more energy in rehearsing OHS measures (Gravel, Rheaume amp; Legendre, 2011). As ACC didn't deliver OHS’s significance to the representatives, it very well may be seen that there is an expanding instances of working environment mishaps in ACC, and a few occurrences occurred as the workers didn't rehearse ingenuity when dealing with the apparatuses. Frick, Jensen, Quinlan amp; Wilthagen (2000) additionally further express that, organizations will in general disregard the significance of OHS when they are confronting financial precariousness. Since ACC is confronting monetary shakiness, this may be the motivation behind why OHS is neglected by the staff office. There is additionally staff maintenance issue looked in ACC. It is seen that there is a high turnover rate whereby the gifted staffs, a few key architects and an IT pro had surrendered. The high turnover rate may be expected to the employee’s work fulfillment which isn't tended to, and consequently, it is consistently intense for the association to hold the representatives (Deery, 2008). It is likewise connected with another issue where there is an absence of preparing and vocation advancement, and the representatives felt discontent inside the workforce as they need more expert turn of events. While holding representatives, they will in general remain in the organization and feel satisfied when they have encountered important work, take an interest in issues that is identified with the association, have learning and improvement space, have a state in the association and some more (Dieleman amp; Harnmeijer, 2006; Wagner, 2006). Following on is the issue whereby there is an absence of equivalent chance, preparing on sexual orientation uniformity issues and friends culture. Various researchers have distinguished (Alvesson, 1998; Alvesson and due Billing, 1997; Hall, 1993; Leidner, 1991), that the activity segment has connection to the sex control (Samardzic amp; Taksa, 2011). At the point when ACC initially began, Jim employed all guys as the administration panel, and consequently, this has made a male strength organization culture, and female specialists felt awkward with the manner in which a few men addressed them. The recently utilized female specialists likewise felt ill-equipped to sink into the ‘boys club’ approach. As found for the situation, the following issue distinguished is the shortcoming in HR arranging, whereby the activity structure and work process isn't appropriately arranged. To build up a progressively serious organization, representatives assume a significant job, as their insight, aptitudes and capacities are important apparatus to the organization (Schraeder, 2009). Be that as it may, in ACC, the representatives are either having nothing to do or working level out, where it shows a lot of wastefulness in ACC’s work plan and work process. This lead to ACC’s decay on execution and they didn't appropriately mastermind the representatives and use the employees’ information and aptitudes for the development ventures during the pinnacle request period. Next, will be the issue distinguished whereby there is an absence of legitimate enrollment and choice procedure and absence of preparing on the best possible approach to deal with the assets utilized for work. By recruiting representatives who is â€Å"fit† to the company’s objective will empower the organization to make progress (Heraty amp; Morley, 1998). This is bolstered by Mudor amp; Tooksoon (2011) as the expansion of work cost could likewise because of the high turnover rate as the representatives are not â€Å"fit† to the organization, and preparing should be given to the workers to top off the key positions or talented employment positions again and again, which is expensive to ACC over the long haul. Moreover, when the representatives in ACC are not satisfactory on their activity scope, which can be seen from the wastefulness of the workers and that the workers are not prepared appropriately on the most proficient method to deal with the assets utilized for work, it will in the long run increment the piece and wastage rates which influences the benefit earned by ACC. In conclusion, there is an issue emerge because of poor administration and poor organization culture rehearsed in ACC. As Tsui, Zhang, Wang, Xin and Wu (2006) states that authority in the organization will inevitably influence the company’s culture. Organization culture can impact the manner in which individuals think and settle on choices and influence the company’s execution (Lok amp; Crawford, 2003). When Jim saw the presentation of the organization was in a declining stage, he had employed Terry to recognize the issues. Terry at that point distinguished that ACC is developing quickly, however the HR approach isn't developing standard with ACC’s extension, and Jill was not overseeing great on the faculty issues. Be that as it may, Jim was insulted and when the report by Terry was finished, Jim didn't put a lot of consideration regarding it. This has depicted poor administration by Jim, whereby he have sided his better half, Jill, and didn't acknowledge the issue expressed by Terry. On this, Jim has likewise granted poor organization culture as he dismissed the report by Terry when the issue distinguished is identified with his better half, Jill. By and large Key Problem in ACC all in all, in ACC, the key serious issue is the absence of SHRM that makes all the examined issues emerge. SHRM is a key methodology that is utilized to deal with the HR in an association (Wei, 2006). As these are the couple of basic issues which are recognized from the prompt issues, steps must be tak

Web or Mobile Application Essay Example for Free

Web or Mobile Application Essay JP Morgan Chase Mobile Bank application is one of the most significant applications I have in my iPhone. Pursue has made another method of saving money with their application. It is easy to use, it offers astonishing capacities, it is a period and cash saver, and it has opportunity to get better. Pursue has brought banking into our hands. The reason for the application is to make banking for their clients calm. With this application clients can store checks from their iPhone, iPad, iPod contact, Android, Kindle Fire, and Windows Phone. Everything they do is input the measure of the check, take a front and back image of the check and snap submit. Clients can likewise see their banking and Visa adjusts and exchange history. Clients can move cash among Chase and non-Chase accounts, in various ways. They offer Transfer Money, Wire Transfer, and Chase QuickPay. I simply utilized the QuickPay include today. My younger sibling purchased my passes to Lollapalooza so I took care of her through QuickPay. All together for the cash to get store to her record, we both need to tried out the Person-to-Person QuickPay. When we both joined, I type her email or telephone number and the sum to move and submit it. When sent, she endorses the exchange, and it is finished. I am likewise ready to take care of tabs with the application. This component is genuinely useful; I set up updates on my telephone to help me to remember when my installments are expected. At the point when my update goes off, at that point I sign in to my Chase application and make the installment on the spot. I don't need to hold back to return home provided that I do I would neglect to make it and I am accuse of the late charges. Another ability is having the option to locate the nearest branch or ATM close to me. This is conceivable with a cell phone and a tablet. The Chase bank application is a period and cash saver. I was in the Army and I had been station in places where Chase branches or ATMs are not near me. At this moment, I live in Copenhagen, Upstate NY, which is about thirty minutes from Ft Drum. The closes Chase branch or ATM to me is in Syracuse, which is about 90 minutes away. Having the option to approach my record on the palm of my hand is stunning. Not setting a foot on the bank has spared personal time, gas and cash. Time is essential to me and the way I pend it is recorded in my organizer. I don't have the opportunity or the cash to drive and hold up in line. In the time it would take me to head to the branch and back home, I could watch a film with my family or do some schoolwork. This application has truly made my life somewhat simpler In a probable future that I need to see added to this application would need to resemble a check balance book. This component would enable me to see where my cash goes. Just by taping a symbol I can perceive what amount did I spend on Tuesday, how much cash do I have left in my record, when do I get paid, am I getting shut to overdraft. I realize this is my obligation, however it is ideal to have my very own bookkeeper. Another conceivable expansion could be having the option to send and get messages to and from Chase. I figure these two highlights can assist Chase with improving and be in front of different banks. ‘JPMorgan Chase has once more won a positioning of portable banking applications. In this one, Keynotes semiannual portable financial scorecard, Chase came in first for the third time in a row’, ‘†¦its experts score the applications as per 120 standards in four classifications usefulness, usability, protection and security, and quality and availability’ (Penny Crosman, 2013). I recollect when each Saturday I will needed to go to the bank to make a store of my checks, and topping off the store slip. Simply the holding up in line used to bother me. Having the option to get to my record, take care of tabs and make stores without setting a foot inside a bank is staggering. Pursue Mobile unquestionably has changed the manner in which their clients and I bank!

The Depression Level of 4th Year College Students

Affirmation The specialist gladly recognize to the ones who upheld this examination for making it conceivable to achieve this verifiable research. Above all else, the scientist would gladly recognize our Almighty God for offering us the everlasting favors of information in this examination, for making sure about us from hurt consistently and gave us direction to complete this exploration. The analyst would likewise gladly recognize our cherished teacher Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce, for giving enough information to perform and complete this research.This research will clearly set us up for the future difficulties and it will assist us with becoming an unquestionably progressively dependable and dedicated individual. Additionally, I might likewise want to offer gratitude to the fourth year undergrads of the University of the East for their quick collaboration in noting the researcher’s melancholy test. Devotion The scientist commits this investigation to her dearest family partic ularly to her mother to give her endeavors, appreciation, genuineness and above all else her ceaseless love and thankfulness for all she have relinquished for her. To the researcher’s companions who gave backing and encouragement.To the researcher’s darling Professor, Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce, who showed her how to confide in herself and to have an uplifting standpoint throughout everyday life. Dynamic Research Title:The Depression Level of fourth Year College Students of the University of the East Researcher:Criselle Joy M. Masungsong Degree Granted:Bachelor of Science, Major in Psychology Granting Institution:College of Arts and Sciences, University of the East, Manila Research design:Descriptive Method Respondents:50 fourth year understudies Statistical Tools Used:T-test for autonomy tests, Chi-square Summary . The age of the respondents ranges from 18-24 years of age. The respondent with the age of 18 have the recurrence of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age o f 19 have the recurrence of 16 or 32%. The respondents with the age of 20 have the recurrence of 19 or 38%. The respondents with the age of 21 have the recurrence of 10 or 20%. The respondent with the age 22 has the recurrence of 1 or 2%. The respondent with the age of 23 has the recurrence of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age of 24 have the recurrence of 2 or 4%. 2. The year level is all fourth year undergrads. 3.The number of male and female respondents is equivalent. There are 25 male respondents and 25 female respondents which equivalents to 50 respondents. 4. The 2 respondents with the age of 20 have High Depression Level. The 3 respondents with the age of 19 and 20 have Above Average Depression Level. The 9 respondents with the age of 19, 20, and 21 have Average Depression Level. The 22 respondents with the age of 19,20,21,23 and 24 have Below Average Depression Level. The 14 respondents with the age of 19, 20, 21 and 22 have Low Depression level. 5. The Depression level o f fourth year understudies is 3. 7. It implies the respondents have Below Average Depression Level. 6. The Depression level of male respondents is 3. 64 which mean they have Below Average Depression Level. The Depression level of female respondents is 3. 71 which mean they have Below Average Depression Level. 7. The acquired estimation of 25. 13 is lower than the basic estimation of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 degree of criticalness accordingly; the specialist acknowledges the invalid theory, which implies there is no huge distinction between the times of the fourth year understudies in their downturn level. 8. The got estimation of 0. 7 is lower than the basic estimation of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 degree of centrality consequently; the analyst acknowledges the invalid speculation, which implies there is no noteworthy contrast between the sexual orientations of the fourth year understudies in their downturn level. End The scientist thought of the accompanying ends: 1. Most of the respondents as indicated by age in the segment profile are 20 years of age. The respondents as indicated by sexual orientation in the segment profile are equivalent. The respondents as per year level are on the whole fourth year understudies. 2.The degree of despondency of fourth year understudies by age is the equivalent. The understudies with the age of 18-24 can have a similar despondency level. 3. The degree of melancholy of fourth year understudies by sex is the equivalent. The understudies have beneath normal discouragement level. The sex can't influence the downturn level of fourth year undergrads. Both male and female can have high despondency, better than expected wretchedness, normal sorrow, beneath normal melancholy and low sadness level. 4. The year level of all respondents is the equivalent so it won’t have any impact on the downturn level of the respondents. . The acquired estimation of 25. 13 is lower than the basic estimation of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 degree of importance along these lines; the analyst acknowledges the invalid speculation, which implies there is no critical contrast between the periods of the fourth year understudies in their downturn level. 6. The got estimation of 0. 57 is lower than the basic estimation of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 degree of noteworthiness hence; the scientist acknowledges the invalid theory, which implies there is no huge distinction between the sexes of the fourth year understudies in their downturn level. Suggestion 1.Researcher must have more extensive scope of research to help her investigation and to demonstrate if there is a noteworthy contrast between the downturn level of fourth year undergrads at University of the East-Manila. 2. Add more respondents to have the option to assemble better verification and comprehension in sadness level of fourth year understudies. 3. The analyst should concentrate something other than one year level. 4. Search for additional investigations that are connected in the researcher’ s subject. 5. Never lose trust. 6. Despondency can be battled with an uplifting viewpoint throughout everyday life and control to yourself. Section 1 Problem and its Background IntroductionDepression has been perceived as a typical malady. Itâ is a condition of low disposition and abhorrence for action that can influence an individual's considerations, conduct, emotions and physical prosperity. Discouraged individuals may feel dismal, on edge, unfilled, sad, helpless,â worthless, blameworthy, fractious, or anxious. They may lose enthusiasm for exercises that used to be pleasurable, experience loss of craving or gorging, or issues concentrating, recollecting subtleties or deciding; and may think about or endeavor self destruction. A sleeping disorder, unnecessary resting, exhaustion, loss of vitality, or hurts, agonies or stomach related issues that are impervious to treatment might be present.Depression can keep going for quite a long time and can wind up individuals in mental med ical clinics. Some used to state their discouraged yet they just feel dismal. To an extreme and too long bitterness can become gloom. This exploration will contain true data in regards to the downturn level of people’s current condition of pre-adulthood and youthful grown-ups. At this age is the start of troublesome and entangled preliminaries moored with various kinds of negative components, for example, enticement, covetousness or envy in their excursion to adulthood, this is likewise the phase of building one’s selves shrouded ability and producing of who they will become in the future.Background of the investigation The specialist utilized numerous sources and books to close and finish the examination. Such huge numbers of time was given and restless evenings to persevere. Complete comprehension was utilized in the examination to have a decent outcome. Misery was called despondency numerous years back. The name was changed and become clinical gloom, significant mel ancholy or essentially despondency and regularly alluded to as significant burdensome issue by numerous human services experts. There is no single reason for depression.Many factors assume a job including hereditary qualities, condition, life occasions, ailments, and the manner in which individuals respond to things that occur in their lives. Research shows that downturn runs in families and a few people acquire qualities that make them bound to get discouraged. Not every person who has the hereditary cosmetics for wretchedness gets discouraged, however. Some can get discourage regardless of whether they don’t have hereditary cosmetics for despondency. The passing of a relative, companion, or pet can go past typical sorrow and at times lead to depression.Other troublesome life occasions, for example, when guardians separation, independent, or remarry, can trigger melancholy. Indeed, even occasions like moving or changing schools can be sincerely testing enough that an individ ual gets discouraged. For certain youngsters, a negative, upsetting, or miserable family environment can influence their confidence and lead to sorrow. This can likewise incorporate high-stress day to day environments, for example, neediness; vagrancy; and savagery in the family, connections, or network. Substance use and misuse likewise can cause concoction changes in the mind that influence disposition †lcohol and a few medications are known to have depressant impacts. The contrary social and individual results of substance misuse additionally can prompt serious misery and melancholy. Certain ailments can influence hormone adjust and along these lines affect disposition. A few conditions, for example, hypothyroidism, are known to cause a discouraged state of mind in certain individuals. At the point when these ailments are analyzed and treated by a specialist, the downturn typically vanishes. Hypothetical Framework The scientist had the option to look about Beck’s Depr ession Inventory (BDI, BDI-II), made by Dr. Aaron T.Beck, is a 21-question different decision self-report stock, one of the most broadly utilized instruments for estimating the seriousness of wretchedness. Additionally, the specialist had the option to learn about Aaron Beck's Cognitive Theory of Depression. Diverse subjective social scholars have built up their own special turn on the Cognitive perspective. As indicated by Dr. Aaron Beck, negative considerations, created by useless convictions are ordinarily the essential driver of burdensome side effects. An immediate relationship happens between the sum and seriousness of somebody's negative considerations a

Strength in Catastrophe - Literature Essay Samples

Humankind has the capacity to show extraordinary strength and compassion in times of catastrophe. Michael Mompellion in Geraldine Brooks’ â€Å"Year of Wonders† is a primary example of such a person, as despite his misguided religious beliefs he possesses a steely determination and desire to help those in need that renders his actions throughout the plague year commendable.Michael takes on the role of leader in the plague year, a job that comes with much hardship and despair. It is he that encourages the villagers to quarantine themselves from the outside world when they become aware of the plague’s presence, and he uses his sermons to preach this selfless suggestion to many reluctant villagers. He reasons that â€Å"because of us, hundreds (may) die who might have lived†, and through protecting outsiders from their village potentially saved the lives of hundreds of strangers. His constant usage of â€Å"us† and â€Å"our† throughout the serm on suggests he has the best interests of the villagers at heart and that he is purely altruistic in his intentions. As the plague year progresses, he continues to lead the villagers as he brings them together on a regular basis allowing them to stay connected to one another and share in their despair and grief when they most need support. He encourages the villagers to continue to â€Å"meet at the Delf† when they feared contagion, keeping them connected through adversity and consequently easing their pain. He is overall quintessential in ensuring the togetherness of the villagers, as he gently led them to each other through torrents of emotion and offered them support and comfort.Furthermore, Michael is a pillar of astutely comforting words and bottomless empathy as he soothes the dying fruitlessly throughout the text. At its very beginning he pledges that â€Å"none should die alone†, a sentiment that proves extremely difficult to follow through with, but he continue s to tend to the dying with his unyielding perseverance weighing on him to the point of collapse. He soothes those in bitter pain by reassuring those such as Jacob Merril that â€Å"if we slip and fall, He understands our weaknesses†. He attempts to save those lost in bitterness and resentment, including Anna’s very own father when he â€Å"tr(ies) to appeal to any shred of good left deep within him† in response to Josiah robbing those on deaths doorstep of their most precious possessions. In his quest to squeeze every ounce of good from each and every person and event in the plague year, Michael made many villagers horrific deaths a little less painful and appealed to the decency in many a lost soul.His most controversial decision in Year of Wonders was that to force his wife Elinor to remain abstinent in punishment for her premarital affair and consequent terminated pregnancy. From his perspective, â€Å"Elinor’s lust caused the loss of a life†, a crime so terrible in the eyes of God that by forcing her to live part of her life with her â€Å"lusts unrequited†, he was in fact desperately trying to save her soul so she would go to heaven. While such a punishment is repulsive to modern audiences, Michael believed he was in fact saving his beloved wife, acting in her best interests and assisting her in regaining the respect of God. The fact that he stuck firmly to his â€Å"resolve† despite the trials and stress of the plague year is most admirable. When she dies regretful and guilt stricken that he is no longer able to see light amongst the darkness of the plague. His misguided religious beliefs disintegrate with her death and he â€Å"feeds on the gall of (his) own grief†. Modelling himself off Anna’s own transformation, he rises from the depths of his despair and once again sees the importance of â€Å"bring(ing) life to others†, pledging to continue his caring, kind approach to the villa gers and overcoming seemingly insurmountable grief to do so. And so we see that Michael’s punishment of Elinor was an act purely of love, and watch him rise up from his anguish in a most admirable manner as a stronger and more balanced human being.Michael’s actions throughout the plague year all stem from a place of selflessness and care, as he is portrayed performing admirable deeds on a daily basis by soothing the dying and comforting grief stricken survivors. He has exceptional faith in the goodness of human nature and brings out the best in many. This is encapsulated when he declares, â€Å"the plague will make heroes of us all,† a statement that most certainly applies to him.

Incidents of the Life of a Slave Girl - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2096 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/09/19 Category Literature Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Harriet Jacobs Essay Did you like this example? In Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Harriet Jacobs writes, Slavery is terrible for men; but it is far more terrible for women (64). Jacobs work presents the evils of slavery as being worse in a womans case due to the tenets of gender identity. Jacobs elucidates the disparity between societal dictates of what the proper roles were for Nineteenth century women and the manner that slavery prevented a woman from fulfilling these roles. The book illustrates the double standard of for white women versus black women. Harriet Jacobs serves as an example of the female slaves desire to maintain the prescribed virtues but how her circumstances often prevented her from practicing. Expectations of the women of the era, as stated in class discussions, resided in four arenas: piety, purity, domesticity and obedience. The conditions that the female slave lived in were opposed to the standards and virtues set by society. It resulted in the female slave being refused what was consider ed the identity of womanhood. It was another manner in which slavery attempted to eradicate the slaves value of themselves. Jacobs continually struggled to maintain these female virtues. Her belief in the ideas of piety, purity, domesticity and is highlighted in her admiration of one rare, benevolent mistress, The young lady was very pious She taught her slaves to lead pure lives The eldest daughter of the slave mother was promised in marriage to a free man; and the day before the wedding this good mistress emancipated her, in order that her marriage might have the sanction of law. (43) Piety was one of the subscribed to virtues. However, in order for one to be pious and obtain religious insight, it would be necessary to read the Bible. This would be an obstacle for the overwhelming majority of slave women as illiteracy was prevalent, Jacobs wrote, . .. it was contrary to the law; and that slaves were whipped and imprisoned for teaching each other to read (61). As Jacobs knew how to read and write, illiteracy was not an impediment. Yet, slaves were forbidden to meet in their own churches, another catch for the female slave attempting to keep the virtue of piety. Jacobs writes of the difficulties the slaves had in obtaining religious instruction after the Nat Turner insurrection, The slaves begged the privilege of again meeting at their little church Their request was denied (57). A slave would only be allowed to practice the religion of their masters, . .. the slaveholders came to the conclusion that it would be well to give the slaves enough of religious instruction to keep them from murdering their masters (57). A typical sermon would consist of Servants, be obedient to them that are your masters (57), this type of sermon had less to do with a womans piety than a slaves obedience. Nevertheless, Jacobs exhibits piety in many fashions, despite these disadvantages. When services begin in the home of a free colored man, Jacobs was invited to attend as she could read, regardless of the risk to herself Sunday evening came and, trusting to the cover of night, I ventured out (57). Jacobs practiced piety as the dictates of the period demanded at a great risk to her safety. She taught a man to read the bible and begs of missionaries to recognize the need to instruct slaves in biblical studies. (61). Jacobs did not only speak of piety, but through these examples, but put it into action and could fulfill this one aspect of the female gender identity. The practice of purity was the virtue most denied to a woman in slavery. Men of society constructed the conventions, established the importance of purity in women. Purity was praised and rewarded in free white women and stolen from black slave women. The system worked against protection of slave women from sexual abuse by their masters. Sexual abuse of slave was not viewed as a criminal offense because she did not count as a woman. Rather, she was property of the owner, who could dispo se of her body and he saw fit. Jacobs master explicitly stated, He told me I was his property; that I must be subject to his will in all things (26). Sexual harassment was taken as a matter of course, I now entered my fifteenth year, a sad epoch in the life of a slave girl (26). Sadly, sexual abuse was accepted almost as a rite of passage for a female slave, that at a certain age, her purity would be stolen. A female slave could not expect to find safe harbor even from the other woman of the house, The mistress, who ought to protect the helpless victim, has no other feelings towards her but those of jealousy and outrage (26). As opposed to acting on behalf of the female slaves, the mistress saw the slave as the problem. Without any assistance, Jacobs consistently attempted to thwart her masters sexual attempts in order retain her purity. Importance of this purity is highlighted in the passage describing her rebellion to build a separate house where he could be alone with her, I vowed before my make that I would never enter it. I had rather toil on the plantation from dawn till dark; I had rather live and die in jail, than drag on from day to day, through such a living death. (46). Jacobs viewed the preservation of purity as passionately as any woman but slavery had placed her in circumstances that left her its certain loss. Enslaved women could not even maintain purity if subscribing to the idea of sexual relations occurring within a marriage, as it was typically denied by law or the owner. Jacobs had fallen in love with a free black man We became mutually attached, and he proposed to marry me. I loved him with all the ardor of a young girls first love. But when I reflected that I was a slave, and that the laws gave no sanction to the marriage of such 33) Jacobs is denied marriage to her lover by her owner, Never let me hear that fellows name mentioned again. If I ever know of your speaking to him, I will cowhide you both Ill teach you a lesson about marriage free niggers! (35-36). However, Jacobs will not allow it to totally destroy her sense of self as a woman. While she has suffered abuse and harassment and the hands of Dr. Flint, Jacobs remained determined that Flint would not succeed at last in trampling his victim under his feet,(46). As she is not permitted purity, Jacobs decided to take a white lover. If she were to be forced to give up her purity it would be at least . .. to a man who is not married It seems less degrading to give ones self, that to submit to compulsion (47). The quotes show Jacobs recognition of the sanctity of marriage has well certain personal standards. Jacobs possesses a sense of self, she feels that she deserves to choose her own lover. Regarding her lover she wrote, There is something akin to freedom in having a lover who has no control over you except that which he gains by kindness The wrong does not seem so great with an unmarried man, as with one who has a wife to be made unhappy (47). Jacobs used her own sexuality as a defense, since keeping her physical purity, a right to other women, had been denied to her. By choosing an unattached man, Jacobs explains that does retain a certain moral purity, as much as could be allowed in her situation The denial of a legal marriage and own a home with him ruled out the possibility for domesticity virtue to be achieved. The women in slavery were not married and living with their own husband and children. The master often used the female slave for breeding, the children taken from the mother and sold. Jacobs poignantly narrates this destruction of family through New Years Day auction of slaves, On one of these sale days, I saw a mother lead seven children to the auction-block. She knew that some of them would be taken from her; but they took all. The children were sold to a slave-trader, and their mother was bought by a man in her own town. Before night her children were all far away. I met that mother in the street, and her wild, haggard face lives to-day in my mind. She wrung her hands in anguish, and exclaimed, Gone! All gone! Why dont God kill me? I had no words wherewith to comfort her. Instances of this kind are of daily, yea, of hourly occurrence. (17) How could the female slave possibly exhibit domesticity in a system where such constructs were not permitted to her? Women in bondage lived in a society where their offspring were not their own, as children . .. follow the condition of the mother (37), they were but the property of the master to be taken and sold at his discretion. While domesticity was highly regarded for the white women, this was not applicable to a black slave my mistress, like many others, seemed to think that slaves had no right to any family ties (33). Yet, domesticity was one of the values that Jacobs most strove to maintain. She had the experience of a traditional family earlier in life speaking of how she had . .. lived together in a comfortable home; and, though we were all slaves, I was so fondly shielded that I never dreamed I was a piece of merchandise (9). Other black women apparently esteemed domesticity, as Aunt Marthy stated Ah, my child, . Stand by your own children, and suffer with them till death. Nobody respects a mother who forsakes her children; and if you leave them, you will never have a happy moment (75). Family and the attempt to preserve some sort of domestic was supreme. Jacobs viewed her refuge in the garret as a means to keep some semblance of domesticity and family life by being near her children. She suffered in seclusion for seven years, residing in the garret that . .. was only nine feet long and seven wide. The highest part was three feet high (91). Jacobs did in the name of family, in yearning for domesticity, for through all her discomfiture she was able to take solace and even joy in at least being able to be near her children, But I was not comfortless. I heard the voices of my children (92). Jacobs pa ins illustrate how strong of a desire for the domestic family life that was denied. Even after obtaining freedom for her children and herself, she writes, The dream of my life is not yet realized. I do not sit with my children in a home of my own. I still long for a hearthstone of my own (156). A traditional family life remained Jacobs most desiderate dream which she partially obtained in her freedom, but not in the same manner that a white woman could enjoy. The one aspect of the ideal Nineteenth century female that most slave women were able to achieve was that of obedience. It was not the same obedience that the free woman was expected to subscribe to it was not obedience to her husband, God or family, but slave woman was expected full, unquestioning obedience to her master. This obedience was achieved by physical force and the slaves knowledge that they were nothing more than property. Obedience was the dictate Jacobs rebelled against. After the refusal of her request for ma rriage Jacobs recognizes her insolence to her master, I know I have been disrespectful, sir ut you drove me to it (35). Jacobs could not acquiesce when such an action would be the complete destruction of her body and soul. The institution of slavery was complete subservience and annihilation of a female slave as an individual being. To practice that kind of obedience, to be submissive, would be certain death to Jacobs, whether in the physical or spiritual sense. Jacobs disobedience occurred when her piety, purity and domesticity where threatened. Instead, Jacobs exhorted obedience to the precept of morality. Moreover, she adhered to obedience of what was considered moral and just for white women. The prescribed of ideas of what construed womanhood in the 1800s surrounded a purity, piety, domesticity and obedience. Those were most of the characteristics that were not permitted for the female slave to practice or acquire. Examining the experiences of Harriet Jacobs in Incidents of the Life of a Slave Girl, one witnesses that while Jacobs desired to practice the dictates of her time slavery forced her to often do otherwise Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Incidents of the Life of a Slave Girl" essay for you Create order

Music And Its Effects On Music - 1871 Words

In society, people have been commonly seen jogging, in cafes using earphones while working, cleaning, showering, exercising, dancing among many other things while listening to music. Music can be calming. Music can be uplifting. Music is universal. Music is a commonly discussed topic. But it is mainly discussed whether or not it is appropriate to use in an educational environment. Music is seen as a distraction. Some see it as an efficient medium to appease the mind. It is theorized that music creates out of the box ideas to life and improve critical thinking. Albert Einstein once said, â€Å"Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.† In a high school environment, music can innovate a great many things for students. Incorporating music in students lives can positively benefit those students. Many studies have been centered around music. Psychologically, it is said that music calms the mind and provides an easier innovative way of thinking. As well as a means to placate the mind in stressful situations. It is argued and discussed that the type of music, and the lyrics, you listen to may have an effect on you as well. There are many theories and sayings. But overall music is something that can be used both positively and negatively. Music is used as a sound blocker from the rest of the world. For instance, in a toxic situation, music can be used to tune out negative sounds or situations. In a school environment, certain students areShow MoreRelatedMusic And Effect Of Music1322 Words   |  6 Pagesinvestigating state anxiety of college students who listened to music prior to an exam, and his findings suggests a significant reduction in state anxiety levels of these students (as cited in Davis and Thaut,1989). This study however focuses on the use of preferred music rather than pre-chosen music, which indicates that the music could have been from any genre. 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Thankfully, that has changed and it’s now easier than ever to create and distribute music without a major record label. But there still isn’t a free-for-all market where the music maker can be as free as they want, and maybe not as easy as it should be to reach out to an audience. The fact that music often is received differently in our society depending on the genre, is somethingRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Music Education1002 Words   |  5 Pageschildren wanting to play outside instead of practice violin music is proven to make you smarter. When a child particularly at a young age learns how to play an instrument preferably in a social setting is provides the brain of that child with extra dopamine, new neurological connections, better behavior, and higher test scores. Schools are turning to new programs to aid music education and there are many reasons to support their decision. Music has been proven over many studies to show a connection toRead MoreThe Effect Of Music On Music726 Words   |  3 Pagesto need to make a choice on the music. You can either hire a band to play live at your event, or employ a DJ to MC the festivities. Here are [] benefits explaining why you should consider using a DJ to spin your wedding tunes. Convenience Factor Setting up a live band and their sound system is a complex ordeal. There is usually some type of stage assembly, plus you’re going to need to fill the time gaps when a band needs a break. When you elect to have live music for your wedding reception, youRead MoreThe Effects Of Reggae Music On The Music1216 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many people who do not know about reggae music. I was one of those people who did not know the existence of the reggae music until I met this one beautiful girl. Julie, my beloved beautiful future wife, introduced me the reggae music. My first thought of this music was boring. After a while the more time I spent with her made me fall in love with the reggae music too. The love of the music gave me the curiosity of the music and why reggae music helped me with to relax and gave comfort as I listenRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On The Music Essay1988 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout the years, music has inspired people. Music touches our heart, m akes us cry, makes us laugh, and heals relationships-even love someone. It encourages us to move-we can march, dance, tap our foot, snap our fingers and sway back and forth. Music fills our minds with memories that can bring a smile or drive us into a deep sadness. Patriotism is displayed when people come together because of a piece of music. Brotherhoods united when the school fight school is played. It creates a bondRead MoreThe Effects Of Classical Music On Music931 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is defined as â€Å"good† or â€Å"real† music? How does an individual come to define that? Many would say that classical music is â€Å"real† music since it is the basis of music that is created today and it has lasted through time. It is still heard today, one of the first types of music to last. Others may strongly disagree; even though it has stood the test of time what actually makes this the sole definition of â€Å"good† music? It doesn’t, there really is not a true universal definition. There are multipleRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On The Music Industry1496 Words   |  6 PagesBefore sound recording were possible, music was enjoyed live by watching the performers performing on their instruments in front of you. When sound recording became possible, the way we enjoy music was not limited to watching the performers anymore. By looking at the development of sound reproduction and the devices that are capable of sound playback, we are able to take a look at look on how the production and consumption of music have been affected over the years in terms of portability, affordabilityRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Music Throughout History1587 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology: The Effects on Music throughout History Music and technology aid one another. In a way a person can capture music they love through technology and then the electronic companies flourish due to the sale and popularity of these electronic devices. If a person wants to listen to music they can turn on a stereo or TV, choose a CD or DVD to play, or listen to a songs downloaded in ITunes. All of these devices are proof to show how technology is used to record, play, and change the way music is heard

Estimate a consumption function for the UK economy Example For Students

Estimate a consumption function for the UK economy Project: Estimate a consumption function for the UK economy explaining the statistical techniques you have used. Outline1 Abstract2 Introduction3 The Life Cycle Hypothesis (LCH) Abstract The purpose of doing this project is to estimate different consumption functions and to observe the relationships between consumption and a set of variables, such as household disposable income, house price inflation and inflation. I have extended my data to include the periods 1999 to 2001. I will construct and apply a model to such data and apply an appropriate set of tests to it. This project will be achieved using PC GIVE, which is a computerised statistical package. This will enable me to produce graphical analysis and present results in an appropriate manner. Introduction To address economic problem in context we separate an economys aggregate expenditure (Y) into four categories: consumption (C), investment (I), government expenditure (G), and net foreign expenditure, or exports less imports (X-M). The aggregate demand identity Y=C + I + G + (X M) Is used to represent these four elements. It is useful to make this kind of categorization, because different agents are responsible for each type of expenditure and therefore they must have different determinants. (William E.Griffiths, R, Carer Hill, George G. Judge, (1993) Learning and Practicing Econometrics, 1993 by John Wiley ; Sons, Inc, page 261) Consumption is the most important element in aggregate demand, it accounted for almost 70 per cent of GDP in 1989. It is thus very important to forecasters for them to be able to predict consumption correctly. Even a small percentage of error can result in a very large absolute error. For example, forecasters make an error of 1 per cent in predicting consumption, which seems to be insignificant. This will account for an error of 0.7 per cent of GDP. Therefore its accurate prediction is essential to the management of the economy. If we can model the aggregate consumption function, then we can go along predicting future consumption level and use fiscal and monetary policy to manage the economy efficiently. Another reason that consumption is so important is that the marginal propensity to consume is one of the factors determining the size of the multiplier. This is important in determining the effects of changes in investment and government spending. According to J.M Keynes, consumption and disposable income are related and this was accepted for many years. However, during the 1950s there appeared to be a discrepancy between the consumption function estimated from long run, short run and cross-section series of data. It also failed to explain some of the more interesting features of aggregate consumer behaviour and failed to predict certain periods of sharp fall in the proportion of personally disposable income consumed, such as in the early 1970s and early 1980s. Evidence suggests that the Keynesian consumption function could not resolve these problems and there was need for a more accurate consumption function. This led to many attempts to estimate an equation, which can predict consumer expenditure, such as the development of the Permanent Income and Life-Cycle Hypotheses, which, it was claimed, fitted the facts better than the simple Keynesian view of consumption. A consumption function describes the relationship between consumer expenditure and income. This research was given by Keyness initial conceptual break through in The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (Keynes 1936). Main body of the project The consumption function was introduced in Keynes (1936) We shall therefore define what we shall call the propensity of consume as the functional relationship, between Y, a given level of income and C the expenditure on consumption out of that level of income The amount that the community spends on consumption depends (i) partly on the amount of their income, (ii) partly on other objective attendant circumstances, and (iii) partly on the objective needs and the psychological propensities and habits of the individuals comparing it The fundamental psychological law upon which we are entitled to depend with great confidence both a priori from our knowledge of human nature and from the detailed facts of experience, is that men are disposed, as a rule and on the average, to increase their consumption as their income increases, but not by as much as the increase in their income. That is Dc/Dy is positive and less than unity. (Keynes, 1936, p96) A simple Keynesian Consumption Function: Keynes argued that on average men increase their consumption as their income increases, but not by as much as their income. This means the marginal propensity to consume is less than 1. The proportion of income consumed tends to fall as income rises. He also suggested that a higher absolute level of income would widen the gap between income and consumption. From this statement the Keynesian consumption function has been derived: C = c0 + c1 Y C is consumption, or in other words consumer expenditure, c0 is a constant and represents autonomous consumption which is the sum of expenditure that is not influenced by real GDP; c1 is the marginal propensity to consume (m.p.c), which is a fraction of a change in disposable income that is consumed. (Michael Parkin Melanie Powell Kent Matthews, Economics Fourth Edition 1998, Addison Wesley), Y is national income. To find the estimates for c0 and c1 we can fit a regression line, or line of best fit, to the data. Using linear regression I obtain the equation below: An Author and his work A Kid in King Arthurs Court EssayAnother common approach to modelling permanent income is to assume that permanent income is a weighted average of all past incomes, with geometrically declining weights. Using a more complicated lag structure does this. The function obtained: Ct = 0.3175 + 0.5437yt +0.4309ct-1 The short run elasticity of consumption with respect to income is 0.5437. Observing the R2, it is 0.997; this is higher than all other consumption functions I predicted before. This indicates the predicted value of this log permanent income function fits the line better than all the other ones. The remained residuals fluctuate a lot throughout the period. It was quite small between the periods 1950 to 1974. However, the size of the error became larger between the periods of 1975 to 2002. The Life Cycle Hypothesis (LCH) The permanent income hypothesis discussed above is clearly better than the simple Keynesian model. However, it is still not very satisfactory and additional factors or variables need to be taken into account, such as inflation and house price inflation. Inflation should affect consumption because it reduces the real value of any debts. This means there is a transfer of resources from creditor to debtors. Government is the largest debtor and personal sector is a large net creditor. This means inflation reduces real income. The life Cycle Hypothesis (LCH) developed by Modigliani is very similar to the Permanent Income Hypothesis. It is also seen to be proportional to Yp, however, he stresses the age of the consumer also plays a part in determining their consumption over their lifetime. Such as young and very old households, tend to have low income and both have high propensity to consume. On the other hand, the high income groups containing a higher proportion of middle aged household tend to have a low propensity to consume. We could add inflation to the life cycle consumption function and we obtain an equation: ct = c0 + c1yt + c2ct-1 + c3?t ? is the inflation rate. However, one of the problems with this function is that standard consumer theory suggests that in the long run permanent income will be proportional to actual income, so consumption should be proportional to income. But in the long run we cannot expect consumption to be exactly proportion to income. This has led economists to use what are known as error correction mechanisms. This involves two components: in the long run we assume consumption is proportional to income, however in the short run consumers adjust their consumption towards their target level and this adjustment spread out over time. (Backhouse, R(1991) Applied UK Macroeconomics, Blackwell.) I obtained a consumption function: ?Ct = 0.0075 + 0.788?yt + 0.122st-1 0.0009?t s is the saving ration and it is obtained by y (income) minus c (consumption). Coefficient Std.Error t-value t-prob Part.R^2 Constant 0.00746478 0.004738 1.58 0.122 0.0492 DLHDY 0.787978 0.07590 10.4 0.000 0.6919 St-1 0.121970 0.05434 2.24 0.029 0.0950 INF -0.000931982 0.0004286 -2.17 0.035 0.0897 sigma 0.0138087 RSS 0.00915268714 R^2 0.754598 F(3,48) = 49.2 ** log-likelihood 150.984 DW 1.24 no. of observations 52 no. of parameters 4 mean(DLCON) 0.0288347 var(DLCON) 0.000717243 The predicted value does not always fit the actual data. The R2 is 0.75; it is not very high compared to other consumption functions. However, its DW value is 1.24, this is closer to 2. This means that residuals are random distributed, which means it would not be easy to model. Conclusions Consumption is the most important element over aggregate demand in the economy. The simple Keynesian theory suggested as income increases people only spend part of their increased income. The permanent income hypothesis and the Life Cycle hypothesis suggested that people base their spending on their future income. However, Life Cycle hypothesis stressed that the age of household also plays a part in determining their consumption. In this project I started by estimating the simple Keynesian consumption function using the data collected from 1948 to 2002. Then I introduced a number of additional factors, which should influence consumption. I used the log to minimise errors and lag structure to compare the difference between last years consumption to the current consumption. There are also other important factors, which influence consumption, such as house prices and uncertainties. If I were to do this project again I would include these factors in my estimated consumption function.